The clutch is the part of the car that connects two or more rotating shafts. In a manual transmission car, the clutch controls the connection between the engine shaft and the wheel shaft. It is an important part of the working mechanics of the car because the engine is always producing power and there are parts that are constantly rotating, but the wheels do not rotate continuously.
In order for the car to change speeds and come to a complete stop without shutting off the engine, the connection between the wheels and the engine needs to be temporarily disconnected. The clutch has two main parts: the clutch plate and the flywheel. If your foot is not on the clutch pedal, there is a set of springs that push the pressure plate onto the clutch plate.
The pressure of the spring also pushes the clutch plate toward the flywheel. This connects the engine to the shaft that transmits motion to the wheels and makes both turn at the same time. When you press the clutch pedal, you press the release fork, which pulls the pressure plate away from the clutch plate through a series of springs and pins. This disconnects the connection between the rotating engine and the wheels, which means that the wheels continue to rotate, but it is by their own momentum rather than the power of the engine.
This design allows you to separate the wheels from the engine to change gears, giving the driver good control over the speed of the car.